銆€ 瑭︽兂閫欐ǎ涓€鍊嬪牬鏅�:鐣朵綘椐曢涓€杓涙苯杌婂湪琚績闇х睜缃╃殑閮婂崁(q奴)閬撹矾涓婅椐涙檪,绐佺劧鐧�(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)鍓嶆柟閬撹矾涓婃湁涓€缇や汉鍦ㄦ┇绌块Μ璺�,姝ゆ檪鏃侀倞杌婇亾涓婁篃鏈変竴鍊嬩汉鍦ㄧ┛瓒婇Μ璺€傚亣瑷�(sh猫)鐣舵檪宸茬稉(j墨ng)渚嗕笉鍙婂墡杌�,鍙兘閬告搰鎾炲悜涓€缇や汉閭勬槸涓€鍊嬩汉,姝ゆ檪浣犳渻濡備綍鎶夋搰?闂�(gu膩n)浜庨€欏€嬪晱椤�,瑷樿€呰鍟忎簡韬倞鐨勬湅鍙�,骞句箮100%閬告搰浜嗘挒鍚戞┇绌块Μ璺殑涓€鍊嬩汉,鍍呮湁涓€浜洪伕鎿囨挒鍚戞湭鐭ョ殑鐒′汉鍗€(q奴)鍩�銆備汉椤為椐涜€呭姝ら伕鎿�,鍦ㄧ劇浜洪椐涙檪浠�,姹借粖鍙堝皣浣滃嚭鎬庢ǎ鐨勬妷鎿囧憿?鏍规摎(j霉)鐣跺墠鐒′汉椐曢姹借粖鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞曟按骞�,閫欏€嬪晱椤屾垨瑷辨湁浜涜崚璎�,浣嗙⒑瀵︽湁姗熸(g貌u)宸茬稉(j墨ng)闁嬪灞曢枊鐮旂┒銆�
銆€銆€“闆昏粖闆ｉ”
銆€銆€鏈夊濯掑牨閬撶ū,鏃ュ墠,寰峰湅濂ф柉绱嶅竷鍛傚厠澶у(Osnabruck)瑾嶇煡绉戝闄㈢殑鐮旂┒浜哄摗鐧�(f膩)鏄庝簡涓€绲勬噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄤ簬鐒′汉椐曢姹借粖鐨勬暩(sh霉)瀛告ā鍨�銆傞€氶亷闆昏叇鎺у埗,鍒╃敤VR鎶€琛�(sh霉),鍐嶇従(xi脿n)鍚勭ó鑱查煶銆佸湒鍍�,灏囩敓鐗╂寜鐓у叾鍍瑰€奸€茶鎺掑簭,鍦ㄤ簨鏁呯櫦(f膩)鐢熶箣闅�,鐒′汉椐曢姹借粖鑷嫊鍋氬嚭鍙栬垗,鏈€澶ч檺搴﹀湴淇濊瓑浜哄摗鐨勭敓鍛藉畨鍏�銆�
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銆€銆€鎸夌収鐢熷懡鍍瑰€奸€茶鍙栬垗,閫欏氨濡傚悓1967骞村摬瀛稿鑿插埄甯�·绂忕壒(Philippa Foot)鍦ㄥ叾璜栨枃銆婂鑳庡晱椤屽拰鏁欐闆欓噸褰遍熆銆嬩腑鎻愬嚭鐨�“闆昏粖闆ｉ”:涓€鍊嬬構瀛愭妸浜斿€嬬劇杈滅殑浜虹秮鍦ㄩ浕杌婅粚閬撲笂銆備竴杓涘け鎺х殑闆昏粖鏈濅粬鍊戦渚�,骞朵笖鐗囧埢鍚庡氨瑕佺⒕澹撳埌浠栧€�銆傚垢閬嬬殑鏄�,浣犲彲浠ユ媺涓€鍊嬫媺妗�,璁撻浕杌婇枊鍒板彟涓€姊濊粚閬撲笂銆傜劧鑰屽晱椤屽湪浜�,閭ｅ€嬬構瀛愬湪鍙︿竴鍊嬮浕杌婅粚閬撲笂涔熺秮浜嗕竴鍊嬩汉?锛熺搐]浠ヤ笂鐙€娉�,浣犳槸鍚﹂倓鏈冩媺鍕曟媺妗�?
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銆€銆€閬撳痉鍥板
銆€銆€“绌剁珶鐒′汉椐曢姹借粖鏄惁瑭查噰鐢ㄩ亾寰峰垽鏂�?濡傛灉閲囩敤,瀹冩槸鍚﹁妯′豢浜洪鐨勫垽鏂锋柟寮忎締閫茶閬撳痉鍒ゆ柗?濡傛灉瀹冨€戠敱濮嬭嚦绲傞兘閬电収閬撳痉鍊悊琛屼簨,浣嗕簨鎯呯殑绲�(ji茅)灞€閭勬槸涓嶅闋�(y霉)鏈�,瑭茬敱瑾拌矤璨憿?”鍓嶈堪閬撳痉妯″鐨勭爺绌朵汉鍝℃垐鐧�·鐨笗(Gordon Pipa)鏁欐巿鎸囧嚭,绀炬渻鎳�(y墨ng)鐩″揩灏嶇劇浜洪椐涚殑閬撳痉鍒ゆ柗鍟忛閫茶瑷庤珫銆�
銆€銆€瑷樿€呮煡闁辫硣鏂欑櫦(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n),閫欏苟涓嶆槸杓胯珫棣栨閲濆皪鐒′汉椐曢姹借粖閬撳痉鍒ゆ柗鍟忛鎻愬嚭鐤戝晱銆傛棭鍦�2015骞村氨鏈変汉鎸囧嚭,鐒′汉椐曢杌婅紱瀛樺湪閬撳痉鍥板,鍙笉閬庣暥鏅傜殑鍏╅洠閬告搰鏄姧鐗茶粖涓婄殑涔樺閭勬槸鐘х壊璺汉銆傛牴鎿�(j霉)鐣舵檪娉曞湅鍦栫洤鑼茬稉(j墨ng)婵熷闄㈢殑鍚夋仼-寮楁湕绱㈡柉·鍗氱磵璞�(Jean-Francois Bonnefon)鏁欐巿鑸囧悓浜嬪睍闁嬬殑鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鐮旂┒绲�(ji茅)鏋滈’绀�,閫氬父鎯呮硜涓嬩汉鍊戣獚鐐�,寰炶ō(sh猫)瑷堜笂鑷嫊椐曢姹借粖鎳�(y墨ng)瑭蹭娇姝讳骸浜烘暩(sh霉)鏈€灏忓寲銆�
銆€銆€濡傛灉鍙互閬块枊涓€缇や汉,鎴戝€戝氨鍙互閬告搰鍌峰涓€鍊嬩汉鍡�?鏂潶绂忓ぇ瀛告暀鎺堝厠閲屾柉·鏍煎痉鏂�(Chris Gerdes)鍛煎悂,鐮旂┒浜哄摗銆佹苯杌婂伐绋嬪斧鍜屾苯杌婂埗閫犲晢瑕佺偤浠栧€戠爺鐧�(f膩)鐨勬妧琛�(sh霉)闈㈣嚚鐨勫€悊閬撳痉鎶夋搰鍋氬ソ婧栧倷銆備粬鎸囧嚭,涓嶆噳(y墨ng)瑭茬啊鍠湴鍋氫竴鍊嬮亾寰锋ā濉�,鐒跺悗鎶婂畠鎻掑叆鐒′汉椐曢姹借粖涓�銆傚叾浠栧皥瀹朵篃瑾嶇偤,鍦ㄧ劇浜洪椐涙妧琛�(sh霉)鐮旂櫦(f膩)涓渻闈㈣嚚鍤村郴鐨勫€悊閬撳痉鑰冮銆傛竻鑿ぇ瀛歌槆宸炴苯杌婄爺绌堕櫌鏅鸿兘姹借粖鎶€琛�(sh霉)鐮旂┒鎵€鎵€闀锋埓涓€鍑¤獚鐐�,鐒′汉椐曢姹借粖閬撳痉鐖鐨勬渶绲傚師鍥�,鍦ㄤ簬浜洪灏嶉亾寰峰€悊缂轰箯鍏辫瓨銆�
銆€銆€鍏╅洠鎶夋搰
銆€銆€闈㈠皪閬撳痉鍥板鏅�,鐒′汉椐曢姹借粖瑭插浣曟妷鎿�?瑷樿€呰(di脿o)鏌ラ亷绋嬩腑,涓€浣嶈瑾�(di脿o)鏌ヨ€呮彁鍑轰簡閫欐ǎ鐨勭枒鍟�:“鐐轰綍鍓庝笉浣忚粖?”閫欏€嬬枒鍟忓皣鐒′汉椐曢姹借粖鐨勯亾寰峰洶澧冩墦鍥炲埌鎶€琛�(sh霉)鐮旂櫦(f膩)鐨勫師榛�:鏃㈢劧鎶€琛�(sh霉)鐒℃硶閬斿埌,鐞嗚珫涓婁篃瀛樺湪寰堝鐖,鐐轰綍閭勮鎻愬崌鐒′汉椐曢鐨勭瓑绱�?
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